منابع مشابه
Lecture 1 — February 6 , 2013
The two papers are very interelated but they have different prespectives on what is an error and how to correct it. In the Shannon model, the errors are drawn from a probability distribution whereas they are chosen adversarially in the Hamming model. In the rest of this lecture, we will introduce the Haming model. First, we give an example with a concrete setting of parameters before giving the...
متن کاملLecture 15 — October 24 , 2013
The Haar wavelet transform is easier to describe than the orthonormal basis itself. An image is broken up into 2N−1× 2N−1 blocks of 2× 2 pixels. Let’s focus on a single block at index (i, j), and label its pixels p1, p2, p3, p4. Now consider another 2 N × 2N grid divided into four quadrants. The (i, j) entry of the upper-left quadrant will take the value 1 4(p1 + p2 + p3 + p4), and the (i, j)-e...
متن کاملLecture 22 — November 5 , 2013
This is sometimes called the Netflix problem. A motivation for the matrix completion problem comes from user ratings of some products which are put into a matrix M . The entries Mij of the matrix correspond to the j’th user’s rating of product i. We assume that there exists an ideal matrix that encodes the ratings of all the products by all the users. However, it is not possible to ask every us...
متن کامل, 2013 Lecture 12 : January 5
In the previous lecture we saw the algorithm that builds a decision tree based on a sample. The decision tree is build until zero training error. As we saw before, our goal is to minimize the testing error and not the training error. In order to minimize the testing error, we have two basic options. The first option is to decide to do early stopping. Namely, stop building the decision tree at s...
متن کامل18.783 Elliptic Curves Spring 2013 Lecture #7 02/28/2013
E[n] ' { Z/nZ⊕ Z/nZ if p = 0 or p n, Z/nZ or {0} if p > 0 and n is a power of p. Proof. Assume p n and let ` be a prime dividing n. Then the multiplication-by-` map [`] is separable of degree `2, and therefore E[`] = ker[`] has order `2. Every nonzero element of E[`] has order `, and it follows that E[`] ' Z/`Z ⊗ Z/`Z. Thus the `-rank of E[`], and hence of E[n], is 2. If `e is the largest power...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Youth and Adolescence
سال: 2015
ISSN: 0047-2891,1573-6601
DOI: 10.1007/s10964-015-0251-y